DEVICE FOR BREAKING A DC POWER, CURRENT LIMITATION ARRANGEMENT, OUTDOOR CONNECTION INSTALLATION TO C

专利摘要:
device and method for interrupting the current of a power distribution or transmission line and current limiting arrangement. The present invention relates to a device (13) for interrupting an electrical current passing through a power distribution or transmission line (14) comprising a parallel connection of a main circuit breaker (8) and a nonlinear resistor. (11), wherein the main circuit breaker (8) comprises at least one power semiconductor switch of a first current direction. the device (13) further comprises a serial connection of a high speed switch (10) comprising at least one mechanical switch and an auxiliary circuit breaker (9), the auxiliary circuit breaker having a lower on resistance than the circuit breaker (8) and comprising at least one power semiconductor switch of the first current direction. The serial connection is connected in parallel with the parallel connection. In a method for using the device (13) first the auxiliary circuit breaker (9) is opened, thereby connecting the current to the main circuit breaker (8), then the high speed switch (10) is opened and then the main circuit breaker (8). ) is opened thus connecting the current to the nonlinear resistance (11). device 13 may further be used in a current limiting arrangement.
公开号:BR112012011543B1
申请号:R112012011543-0
申请日:2009-11-16
公开日:2019-10-08
发明作者:Jürgen Häfner；Björn Jacobson
申请人:Abb Technology Ag；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Invention Patent Descriptive Report for DEVICE FOR BREAKING A CONTINUOUS ELECTRIC CURRENT, CURRENT LIMITATION ARRANGEMENT, EXTERNAL CONNECTION INSTALLATION TO CONNECT AN HVDC CONVERTER AND METHOD FOR USING A CONTINUOUS ELECTRIC CURRENT DEVICE.
[001] The invention relates to a device for interrupting an electric current that passes through a power distribution or transmission line that comprises a parallel connection of a main circuit breaker and a non-linear resistor, the main circuit breaker comprising at least a first current direction power semiconductor switch. In addition, the invention relates to a method for using the device, so that the device is connected in series with the power distribution or transmission line. In addition, the invention relates to a current limiting arrangement, comprising at least two of the devices mentioned above.
[002] Originally, the invention was made in relation to the field of high-voltage DC circuit breakers, that is, of switching devices that are able to interrupt a current that flows through a power transmission line, so that the line is at a voltage level greater than 50 kV. However, the invention is also applicable to voltage distribution in medium power DC circuit breakers, that is, for a DC voltage range between about 1 kV and 50 kV, and some elements of the invention are still applicable to circuit breakers for transmission and AC power distribution for any voltage level, as described below.
[003] In EP 0.867.998 B1, it is suggested to use a parallel connection of at least one semiconductor power switch and a surge protector to interrupt the current through
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 5/62
2/41 a High Voltage Current (HVDC) network. The idea that comes from this is to provide a solid state of the DC circuit breaker, which reacts much more quickly to a trip signal than a normally known DC mechanical circuit breaker and, thus, reduces the risk of developing high current damage in the network HVDC in case of failure.
[004] In practice, DC solid state circuit breakers, that is, circuit breakers capable of interrupting a DC current and comprising at least one power semiconductor switch, are not used for HVDC power transmission systems yet, due to the losses of high current of such circuit breakers. This is due to the fact that the high operating voltage on the one hand and the relatively low nominal voltage of a single semiconductor power switch currently available on the market on the other hand, make it necessary for the DC solid state circuit breaker to be constructed a considerable number of series of connected power semiconductor switches. This number can easily reach several hundred in the case of an HVDC voltage level of several hundred kV. During normal operation of the HVDC power transmission system, the DC circuit breaker and thus all of its power semiconductor switches are to be turned on, exposing the power semiconductor switches to direct current voltage. The resulting amount of losses in steady state amounts to 0.2 and 0.3% of the energy transferred through the DC circuit breaker. In the case of a DC solid-state circuit breaker suitable for a line voltage of 640 kV and a normal rated current of 2kA, these steady-state losses equal 3 MW, which is as much as about half the losses of a converter of known HVDC power to 640kV. Losses result in significant costs over the life of the solid state circuit breaker, especially in the case where many solid state circuit breakers are
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 6/62
3/41 to be used, for example, in future DC network applications with multiple DC substations.
[005] In EP 1,377,995 B1, a mechanical switch is presented among others suitable for use in parallel with a solid state circuit breaker, in order to reduce the steady state losses of the circuit breaker. The mechanical key has a plurality of rupture points arranged in series with each other that are operated simultaneously and, in comparison with other mechanical keys, at high speed, that is, in the time interval of about 1 ms. When the solid state circuit breaker is in the closed state, the mechanical switch is also closed and conducts the current, while the semiconductor elements of the circuit breaker are in free current and therefore lossless. If a break operation is to be performed, first the mechanical switch is opened so that the current is switched to the circuit breaker and then the circuit breaker is opened.
[006] The said arrangement has two main disadvantages. On the one hand, the mechanical switch is actively opening the current in order to switch to the solid state circuit breaker. This results in arcs that occur at the break points of the switch and lead to an initial wear of the corresponding contacts, therefore requiring maintenance of the switch after only a couple of switching operations. On the other hand, it should be noted that the mechanical switch is intended for a voltage range of 12-36 kV. Thus, for high voltage applications of several hundred kV, a series connection of several mechanical switches will be required. In order to ensure that the voltage is evenly distributed across the switches connected in series, especially in the case where the operating speeds differ slightly between the switches, capacitors connected in parallel are required. This considerably increases equipment costs.
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 7/62
4/41 [007] It is an objective of the present invention to find an alternative solution for an HVDC circuit breaker with which the steady state losses of semiconductor power switches are reduced, while at the same time avoiding the disadvantages described above in connection with the EP1377995 B1.
[008] According to the present invention, the device for interrupting an electrical current that passes through a power transmission or distribution line, also called a breakdown of the device, contains - in addition to the known parallel connection of a main circuit breaker and a resistance non-linear with the main circuit breaker comprising at least one semiconductor power switch of a first current direction - a series connection of a high speed switch comprising at least one mechanical switch and an auxiliary circuit breaker, where the connection in series is connected in parallel to the parallel connection. The auxiliary circuit breaker has a lower over-resistance than the main circuit breaker and comprises at least one semiconductor power switch in the first current direction. The term conduction resistance refers to the resistance for a current that flows through a power semiconductor switch that is turned on. In other words, the auxiliary circuit breaker has a lower conduction voltage drop than the main circuit breaker.
[009] It is suggested that the device according to the present invention be used as follows: the device is to be connected in series to a current path passing through a transmission or power distribution line, preferably a transmission line HVDC power, and, in normal operation, the auxiliary circuit breaker and the high speed switch of the device are to be closed, which means for the auxiliary circuit breaker that the respective power semiconductor switches are to be turned on. The main circuit breaker is closed, that is, semiconductor switches are connected, at one point
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 8/62
5/41 adequate time before the auxiliary circuit breaker is opened again. If after receiving an opening signal from an auxiliary circuit breaker, the auxiliary circuit breaker is opened in this way by switching the current to the main circuit breaker, therefore the high speed switch is opened and, finally, the main circuit breaker is opened if a signal from opening of the main circuit breaker is received. As a result, the current switches over the main circuit breaker to the non-linear resistance, where the current level is reduced and the voltage is limited. As it becomes clear from this method, the high speed switch is necessary to decouple the auxiliary circuit breaker from the line in order to prevent the full voltage from being applied to the auxiliary circuit breaker.
[0010] The device and the proposed method of its use according to the present invention have, among others, the following advantages, in particular for high voltage DC applications:
[0011] - Steady state losses are reduced, since during normal operation currents no longer flow through the main circuit breaker, but through the high-speed switch, which is a mechanical switch, with almost no loss, and through of the auxiliary circuit breaker which has a lower conduction resistance and thus a lower conduction voltage drop than the main circuit breaker. Once the steady state losses at the main breaker disappear, the main breaker is no longer prone to thermal overload so that active cooling of the main breaker is no longer needed. For the auxiliary circuit breaker, it is preferable that the conduction voltage drop and therefore the losses are much smaller compared to the main circuit breaker, so that no active cooling is necessary either.
[0012] - To switch the current to the main circuit breaker, it is no longer a mechanical switch that has to interrupt the current first, but the auxiliary solid state circuit breaker. Therefore, the problems
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 9/62
6/41 with the wear of the mechanical contacts due to the arcs are no longer present which reduces maintenance effort and increases the reliability and lifetime of the total rupture device. It is therefore sufficient that the high speed switch is only a quick disconnect operation.
[0013] - Once the main circuit breaker is subject to the maximum voltage for a limited period of time only after switching to non-linear resistance, it becomes possible to add complementary power semiconductor switches in the series connection of the main circuit breaker to ensure reliable voltage distribution without adding to global losses.
[0014] - The design of the main circuit breaker is further simplified in relation to the reaction to a failure in one of its power semiconductor switches. In some semiconductor switches of known power it is foreseen that an inoperable switch will be automatically short-circuited in order to allow the other redundant power semiconductor switch to take over the operation. However, said short-circuit failure mode can in practice be an unstable mode, in which stability can only be ensured for a limited period of time. With the proposed device, in which both the main circuit breaker and / or the auxiliary may contain semiconductor switches with redundant power supply, the referred one no longer presents a problem for the main circuit breaker since the main circuit breaker is in full operation only for a period of very short time so that an ideal short-circuit failure mode is not necessary.
[0015] - The voltage and voltage current on the main circuit breaker and, consequently, on its power semiconductor switches are considerably reduced, therefore reducing the failure rate of the power semiconductor switches and increasing reliability
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 10/62
7/41 of the main circuit breaker.
[0016] - In the case of higher voltages, where the high speed switch comprises not only one, but several mechanical switches connected in series, the question of a uniform distribution of voltage across the switches connected in series is no longer a problem, as the high speed switch is switched on in a situation with no current and no voltage. Thus, none of the connected parallel capacitors should be necessary, which reduces costs considerably.
[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the device, the main circuit breaker has a higher voltage blocking capacity than the auxiliary circuit breaker. This could, for example, be achieved by providing, at least, as the main semiconductor power switch of the circuit breaker a switch having a voltage blocking capacity of several hundred kV, while the blocking voltage capacity of the power semiconductor switch of the auxiliary circuit breaker is only a few kV. Another possibility to achieve this is to use different types of power semiconductor switches, for example, at least one IGBT (isolated grid bipolar transistor) for the main circuit breaker and at least one MOSFET (Metal Oxide field effect semiconductor transistor) ) for the auxiliary circuit breaker, as these are inherent characteristics of a MOSFET that has a lower voltage breaking capacity than an IGBT. Other types of power semiconductor switches that can be used are IGCT (integrated switching port thyristor) or GTO (turn-off port thyristor). It should be noted that all these types mentioned belong to the group of power semiconductor switches with turn-on and turn-off capability.
[0018] In a specific development of this modality, the main circuit breaker comprises at least two semiconductor power switches connected in series from the first direction
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 11/62
8/41 current, the auxiliary circuit breaker comprises at least one power semiconductor switch of the first current direction having the same capacity blocking the voltage as the main semiconductor power switches, and the main circuit breaker always comprises a greater number of semiconductor switches. than the auxiliary circuit breaker.
[0019] This modality is especially suitable for high-voltage applications, where the voltage level requires the main circuit breaker to be constructed from a series of power semiconductor switches connected in series. For the auxiliary circuit breaker, the same type of power semiconductor switch is used, but since the auxiliary circuit breaker does not have to withstand full voltage, only a few power semiconductor switches connected in series are required, approximately between 1 and a maximum of 10 For high voltage applications of several hundred kV, when the main circuit breaker comprises a connection series of up to several hundred semiconductor power switches, the difference in resistance-on between the main and auxiliary circuit breaker becomes considerable, since for the auxiliary circuit breaker only one or a few power semiconductor switches are required. The steady state losses for the auxiliary circuit breaker are estimated in this case, to an amount as small as less than 0.002% of the energy transferred through the device, in comparison with the above mentioned 0.2 to 0.3% of the main circuit breaker. The design problem described above with respect to redundant power semiconductor switches and the reaction to a failure of one of the power semiconductor switches, is in the device according to the present invention only of relevance to the auxiliary circuit breaker, where, under normal conditions of operation the current flows permanently through. But since only a few power semiconductor switches are needed for the circuit breaker
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 12/62
9/41 auxiliary, the costs for a reliable redundancy solution, for example, connecting one or two redundant serial power semiconductor switches with at least one power semiconductor switch, can be kept low.
[0020] In a preferred method of using the device, the auxiliary circuit breaker opening signal is generated and sent before the generation and sending of an opening signal from the main circuit breaker. The generation and sending of the auxiliary circuit breaker opening signal and the main circuit breaker opening signal can be performed by one or more different sensors and / or protection means that monitor the status of the power and transmission line and / or others electrical devices such as power converters, transformers, other breaking devices or additional lines and that in the event of a failure to send the opening signals via cable or wirelessly to the device. Alternatively, the opening signals from one or both can be generated internally in the device depending on the sensing results and / or the signals received from external sensing protection sensing and / or protection means, which means that the opening signals can not necessarily be physically sent and received via a data communication bus inside the device, but it can also be simply represented as variables in an internal memory. In the latter case, the process of reading any of said variables from memory is to be understood as receiving the corresponding opening signal.
[0021] The advantage with generating and sending the opening signal of the auxiliary circuit breaker before the opening signal of the main circuit breaker is that this function can be used to improve the response speed of the device for a real breaking decision through the opening auxiliary circuit breaker before the break decision is finally made. At
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 13/62
10/41 practice, the means of protection that have to process the state and sensing signals from different sources, in order to decide if a fault really occurred which requires the current to break in the line, need up to several milliseconds before the break decision is made and the opening signal from the main circuit breaker is sent. Known circuit breakers would react after the moment when said opening signal from the main circuit breaker is received, that is, it would be possible that the auxiliary circuit breaker opening signal is also sent only after the rupture decision is made. With the method according to said modality, the auxiliary circuit breaker and also the high speed switch, preferably will be opened before the rupture decision is made, so that the reaction time for the rupture decision is reduced to just the short opening time of the main circuit breaker of only a couple of microseconds since the current has already been switched previously to the main circuit breaker. Therefore, a very fast current breaking action having only a couple of microseconds can be performed without having the disadvantages of the solutions based on the known solid state circuit breakers.
[0022] For example, as in one of the method modalities, the auxiliary circuit breaker can be opened immediately after a first current limit is exceeded in the power transmission or in the distribution line. For known current circuit breakers, the corresponding opening signal is not generated directly after a current limit is exceeded, but only after further processing and evaluation of the measurements. As described above, said additional processing takes up to several milliseconds. In contrast, in this mode, the opening signal of the auxiliary circuit breaker is generated, sent and received eventually and immediately after the first current limit is exceeded; and once the auxiliary circuit breaker is able to open within a few microseconds, the current is switched to the
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 14/62
11/41 main circuit breaker already several microseconds after exceeding the limit. As a consequence, the only time limiting factor before the main circuit breaker can actually open is the opening time of the high speed switch, which for the current switches available is about 1 ms. But since, as described above, the generation of the opening signal from the main circuit breaker takes at least 1 ms in itself, the device according to the present invention reacts in about the same short period of time to an opening signal from the circuit breaker main as the well-known autonomous solid state DC circuit breaker avoiding its problems.
[0023] The first current limit can, for example, be set slightly above the rated thermal current of the power transmission or distribution line or slightly above the rated thermal current of a converter station connected to the line. During the opening of the current switching auxiliary circuit breaker along the main circuit breaker, a certain reduction in the current level due to changes in ambient conditions may already occur if the current increase was only temporary and not caused by a defect. If after the opening signal of the main circuit breaker is not generated due to a relaxation of the critical view of the situation previously, this modality as an additional advantage could have helped to protect the transmission line or distribution of energy against thermal stress.
[0024] In an additional method, the high speed switch is opened when the first period of time from the opening of the auxiliary circuit breaker is extinguished by expiration. Said time is preferably chosen long enough for the auxiliary circuit breaker to have had enough time to open completely and short enough not to waste time, that is, if the auxiliary circuit breaker is going to need about 10 microseconds to open, the first period of time
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 15/62
12/41 can be chosen as 20 microseconds.
[0025] In a first alternative mode, the high speed switch is opened when the current exceeds a second current limit. The second current limit is advantageously above the first current limit since in a fault situation, the current in the line gradually rises until the main circuit breaker finally opens and decouples the fault line.
[0026] In a second alternative mode, the high speed switch is opened when a signal is received indicating that the current has successfully switched to the main circuit breaker.
[0027] As mentioned before, the opening signal from the main circuit breaker cannot, in some cases, be generated and therefore be received, although the auxiliary circuit breaker and the high speed switch have already been opened. This may, for example, be due to a transient current increase which is caused by a short-term disturbance, but which has no serious consequence. In such cases, a modality of the method is suggested in which it is verified that no opening signal from the main circuit breaker is received within a second period of time since the opening of the auxiliary circuit breaker. After the second period has elapsed, the high speed switch and auxiliary circuit breaker are closed again so that normal operation can be continued.
[0028] Failure to receive the opening signal from the main circuit breaker can also be due to a slow development failure, which is not immediately recognized as such. Therefore, it is suggested in a further development of the above modality, that after closing the high speed switch and the opening signal of the auxiliary circuit breaker it is still being received or being received again, the auxiliary circuit breaker should be opened again first, then the high speed switch is opened, then the circuit breaker
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 16/62
Main 13/41 is opened if the main breaker opening signal is received. The steps of opening and closing the auxiliary circuit breaker and the high-speed switch can be carried out several times until, finally, the opening signal from the main circuit breaker is received or, alternatively, no stronger opening signal from the auxiliary circuit breaker is received. .
[0029] In accordance with a special modality, a so-called online supervision of the device is performed. Under normal operation, the main circuit breaker is in a lower current state which makes it possible that at least one power semiconductor switch and any stronger power semiconductor elements being present, such as free-wheel diodes, can be tested for to its operability. The fact that a normal operating condition exists is recognized at least from the absence of an auxiliary breaker open signal and a main breaker open signal, but it is clear that additional sensor information can be used to determine whether the point in time is appropriate for performance such as online supervision. After the test of the main circuit breaker is successful, the main circuit breaker can be closed immediately or later after an additional procedure. The important point is that the main circuit breaker is closed at the latest before the auxiliary circuit breaker is about to open.
[0030] In addition to the main circuit breaker test, the auxiliary circuit breaker can also, in normal operating conditions, be brought to a lower current state in order to be tested. The method according to the modality for online supervision of the auxiliary circuit breaker comprises the following steps:
• opening the auxiliary circuit breaker, thus switching the current to the main circuit breaker, • then opening the high speed switch, testing
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 17/62
14/41 forms the operability of the high speed switch, • then test the operability of at least the power semiconductor switch and, if present, of at least one auxiliary circuit breaker return diode, • after the successful test, close the high speed switch and the auxiliary circuit breaker again.
[0031] With the online supervision described above, all switching elements of the breaking device, ie the main circuit breaker, the auxiliary circuit breaker and the high-speed switch, can be tested for operation without disturbing operation of the connected power transmission line. Such on-line supervision is not possible with circuit breakers normally used since they cannot be made free of currents without interrupting the current. This also means that the operation of a normally used circuit breaker cannot be ensured continuously as long as offline supervision is, for practical reasons, carried out only occasionally. As a result, if the last maintenance of such a circuit breaker took place some time ago, it is not certain whether the circuit breaker is actually capable of functioning as expected until the circuit breaker is actually put into operation in order to interrupt a current in a fault situation. This unsatisfactory situation is greatly improved by the rupture device described here, since it can be tested continuously and provided that its operation can thus be guaranteed with high reliability.
[0032] The device and method described herein can be used advantageously in an arrangement, such as an external connection installation, comprising at least one additional device of the same type. If said additional device is connected to the same current path as the power transmission or distribution line, the device can still be used as a call
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 18/62
15/41 backup breaker, that is, as a rupture device that opens in case the original device does not open. The invention provides the advantage that the additional device can already be activated in advance when the original device is put into operation, but before a failure of the original device is detected. In a special mode of the method, the following additional steps are performed after receiving the opening signal from the auxiliary circuit breaker to the original device: first the auxiliary circuit breaker in the additional device is opened, then the high speed switch in the additional device is opened then, it is checked whether in the original device the current is successfully switched to the non-linear resistance and if not, in the rear device the main circuit breaker is opened. Otherwise, if the current is switched successfully to the non-linear resistor in the original device, the high-speed switch and auxiliary circuit breaker in the additional device are closed again.
[0033] This form of pre-activation of a backup rupture device has the advantage that the period of time before a failure is cleared up by the external connection installation in case the original rupture device fails, is shortened to only the time required for the detection and / or protection of means to generate the opening signal from the main circuit breaker plus the time until it is finally recognized that the original rupture device has failed to open. The breaker backup master circuit breaker then needs only a couple of microseconds to interrupt the current, a period of time that is insignificant compared to the rest of the time. Due to the shorter period of time, the fault current is interrupted earlier than with the normally used breaking devices, that is, the fault current level that is finally reached is lower. As a result, the additional equipment of the outdoor connection installation such as reactors and
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 19/62
16/41 bank fire extinguishers can be dimensioned on a smaller scale which leads to cost reductions.
[0034] The device and method described herein can also be used advantageously in a current limiting arrangement, in which the current limiting arrangement comprises at least two of the devices connected in series to each other and in series with a path of current through a power transmission or distribution line. In the event that a current in the current path exceeds an overcurrent limit, a first determined number of at least two of the devices is operated so that the current is switched to the respective non-linear resistors, thereby reducing the current. The term to operate is used to express that one of the methods described above is used to subsequently open the auxiliary circuit breaker first, then the high speed switch and finally the corresponding main circuit breaker. The basic principle of such a current limiting arrangement is known from EP 0.867,998 B1, but the arrangement uses the autonomous DC solid state circuit breakers described above, which have the problem of high losses. This problem is overcome when the use of devices is in accordance with the present invention.
[0035] An alternative modality of a current limiting arrangement comprises • at least two parallel connections of a main circuit breaker and a non-linear resistance, in which the parallel connections are connected in series with each other and in which the main circuit breakers comprise at least one semiconductor power switch of the same direction or current directions, and • a series connection of a high speed switch and an auxiliary circuit breaker, where the high speed switch comprises at least one mechanical switch and where the auxiliary circuit breaker has a
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 20/62
17/41 conduction resistance less than any of the main circuit breakers and comprises at least one power semiconductor switch of the same direction or current directions as the power semiconductor switch of the main circuit breakers.
• where the series connection is connected in parallel to the two parallel connections at least.
[0036] Therefore, the only difference to the current limiting arrangement described above is that the high-speed switch series and auxiliary circuit breaker is present only once here, while it is present as many times as there are main circuit breakers and nonlinear resistors resistors in the arrangement described above.
[0037] The function of the current limitation arrangement with a high speed switch and auxiliary circuit breaker is the same as that of the arrangement with multiple high speed switches and auxiliary circuit breakers. Thus, the arrangement is adapted to open the first auxiliary circuit breaker, then to open a high speed switch and then open a first number of the main circuit breakers so that a current through the high speed switch and the auxiliary circuit breaker is first switched to the first determined number of main circuit breakers and then to the respective non-linear resistors, where this switching is carried out in the case of a current in the energy transmission or distribution line current path, where the arrangement is connected in series, exceeds an overcurrent limit.
[0038] The first number decided is determined according to a modality depending on how much the overcurrent limit is exceeded, and is preferably determined with the aim of reducing the current so that it falls below the overcurrent limit again and the current is maintained. a preset current level for at least a certain period of time.
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 21/62
18/41 [0039] An advantage of using at least two of the aforementioned breaking devices or parallel connections of main circuit breaker and non-linear resistance, respectively, in a current limiting arrangement is as follows. The time period in which the current is maintained at a predefined level and therefore does not increase further is in fact a gain for the media detection and / or protection algorithm. The algorithm obtains that additional period of time to be used to assess whether a failure situation is actually present or not. As a result, the final decision on whether currents need to be interrupted or not, can be provided with greater precision and reliability so that unnecessary interruptions in current are avoided. In addition, once the current level is limited, the main circuit breakers of the current limiting arrangement and therefore their power semiconductor switch or switches need to be sized for smaller breaking currents only, which reduces costs considerably.
[0040] In case the decision to interrupt the current in the current path is finally made by the algorithm of means of detection and / or protection, both current limiting arrangements being used as their own breaking devices. In this case, all remaining rupture devices or parallel connections are operated where the respective main circuit breakers are still being closed, so that the current in the current path is switched to all non-linear resistances of the current limiting arrangement, thus breaking the current flow in the current path.
[0041] Both current limiting arrangements described above are capable of limiting the current until the thermal energies in their non-linear resistances do not become too high.
[0042] According to one modality, the thermal energy in the
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 22/62
19/41 non-linear resistors corresponding to the open main circuit breakers are monitored and, in the event that they exceed a predefined first energy limit, the open main circuit breakers are closed again and the same number of at least two devices or, at least two parallel connections, whose main circuit breakers have been previously closed, are operated and, thus, their corresponding main circuit breakers are opened.
[0043] This can be repeated until the thermal energy in at least one of the non-linear resistors in the current limiting arrangement exceeds a second predefined energy limit. If this happens, the decision to completely interrupt the current in the current path must be made in any case, regardless of the intermediate results of the detection and / or media protection algorithm.
[0044] When opening and closing the different parts of the main circuit breakers of the current limiting arrangement in an alternating way, the increase in thermal energy in the corresponding non-linear resistors and, thus, their current voltage is more evenly distributed among the resistors non-linear so that the current voltage for each non-linear resistor is kept within acceptable limits for a longer period of time.
[0045] Therefore, the need to interrupt the current in the transmission line due to the excess of the second energy limit appearing later, thus further extending the time available for the detection and / or media protection algorithm.
[0046] In a further development of the modality, the current voltage from at least one to all non-linear resistances of the current limiting arrangement is determined and stored in a memory device, for example, in the form of the product of the level of current flowing through the non-linear resistance multiplied with the
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 23/62
20/41 corresponding time period, summarized for each opening operation of the corresponding main circuit breaker, or in the form of a temperature curve over time. From the current voltage, the expected lifetime can be determined for the respective non-linear resistance, and this information can be used to adapt the alternating way of operating the main circuit breakers of the current limiting arrangement, in order to increase the expected lifetime of at least one for all nonlinear resistors.
[0047] Another upper limit, in addition to the second energy limit, which leads to a definite current break decision is the case when the current increases, despite the current limiting arrangement being active, and reaches the maximum level of current that the main breakers in the current limiting arrangement are set to be able to break.
[0048] In a special mode, the current limiting arrangement is used to limit the overvoltage current, which may arise in the power transmission or distribution line to the current path in which the current limiting arrangement is connected. , in the event that this line is primarily in a de-energized state or is pre-charged to a different voltage level than at least another power transmission or distribution line that is in a power state and where the line is to be coupled to the line of at least one other line. In what follows, the mode is explained for the de-energized line, but it is just as applicable for a line that is preloaded for a different voltage level.
[0049] The overvoltage current arises due to the additional capacitance added, suddenly, through the previously de-energized line and can become so high that it would lead to the immediate disconnection of the previously de-energized line.
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 24/62
21/41
In current practice, a so-called pre-insertion resistor is used, which is temporarily connected in series with the previously de-energized line and which limits current overvoltage.
[0050] According to this special modality, the current limitation arrangement assumes the function of pre-insertion resistance, thus reducing costs. Before coupling the power transmission or distribution line to at least one energized line, the current limiting arrangement is in the open state. The term open state of a breaking device or current limiting arrangement discussed here, means that all auxiliary and main circuit breakers, as well as all high speed switches for that device or arrangement are open.
[0051] During coupling of the de-energized line to at least some energized lines, a part of the main circuit breakers of the current limiting arrangement is closed and the other part of the main circuit breakers, as well as the high-speed switch or switches and the auxiliary circuit breaker or circuit breakers are kept open. After a successful coupling, the other part of the main circuit breakers, the high speed switch or switches and the auxiliary circuit breakers or circuit breakers are closed, therefore the current switching in the current limiting arrangement for the high speed switch or switches and for auxiliary circuit breaker or circuit breakers. After successful switching of the main circuit breakers they could be opened again even before the auxiliary circuit breaker or circuit breakers are about to open the next time. The part of the main circuit breakers that are to be closed in the first place is chosen to be as many as are necessary to limit the current overvoltage adequately so that a disconnection of the previously de-energized line is avoided.
[0052] Additional modalities of the device itself are also
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 25/62
22/41 proposals. In a device embodiment, the main circuit breaker and / or the auxiliary circuit breaker comprise at least one power semiconductor switch connected in parallel with at least the first current direction power semiconductor switch. This mode is suitable for increasing the rated current for the respective circuit breaker, where here the main circuit breaker is dimensioned in relation to the breaking current level and the auxiliary circuit breaker is dimensioned in relation to the level of direct current transfer. An advantage with the present modality is that an increase in direct current transfer is possible at low costs, since the auxiliary current circuit breaker contains only between one and a few semiconductor power switches, for which the small number would have to be folded up. In addition, the dimensioning of the high speed switch would have to be adjusted. In the previous stand-alone solution of a rupture device with only one solid-state main circuit breaker, an increase in direct current transfer has resulted in a much more expensive rupture device, since up to several hundred semiconductor power switches had to be added in parallel.
[0053] In an additional mode of the device, both the main circuit breaker and the auxiliary circuit breaker comprise at least one power semiconductor switch connected in parallel with the power semiconductor switch of a first current direction and being of a second direction of chain.
[0054] With this mode, the device becomes a bidirectional device, which is suitable to be used to interrupt both the first current direction and a second opposite current direction. The power semiconductor switches connected in parallel to each other can be separate individual keys or keys integrated in the same semiconductor package.
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 26/62
23/41 [0055] As are known from the art, the semiconductor power switches can be supplied each with a return diode in antiparallel connection for the corresponding switch. In this case, an alternative mode for a bidirectional device is proposed to have at least one second power semiconductor switch of the second, opposite current direction connected in series with at least one power semiconductor switch on the main circuit breaker and the auxiliary circuit breaker. of the first current direction, where it is in at least one semiconductor switch power of the second current direction, as well as being connected in antiparallel with a return diode.
[0056] The invention and its modality will now be explained with reference to the attached drawings in which:
[0057] figure 1 shows a first example of a basic element of a solid state circuit breaker, [0058] figure 2 shows a device according to one embodiment of the invention, [0059] figure 3 shows a second example of a basic element of a solid state circuit breaker, [0060] figure 4 shows a modality of the device in the form of a bidirectional device, [0061] figure 5 shows a third example of a basic element of a state circuit breaker solid, [0062] figure 6 shows a first modality of an external connection installation connecting an HVDC converter and four DC power transmission lines, [0063] figure 7 shows the interaction between the device in figure 2 and the means control device, as well as substation control means, [0064] figure 8 shows the sequence of steps in a timely manner
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 27/62
24/41 of an embodiment of the method according to the present invention, [0065] figure 9 shows the sequence in time to operate a rupture device and a backup copy of a rupture device, [0066] figure 10 shows a first modality of a current limiting arrangement, [0067] figure 11 shows a second modality of a current limiting arrangement, [0068] figure 12 shows a second modality of an outdoor connection installation connecting an HVDC converter and four DC power transmission lines · [0069] Figure 1 shows a first base element 6 for solid state circuit breakers used in embodiments of the invention, where solid state circuit breakers are the main and auxiliary circuit breakers are explained below . The first base element 6 comprises a power semiconductor switch 1 of a first current direction 4 and a return diode 2 connected in antiparallel to the power semiconductor switch 1.
[0070] The first base element 6 is used in a device embodiment according to the present invention, as described in figure 2. The rupture device 13 in figure 2 is suitable for high voltage applications of 50 kV and above , is capable of interrupting currents up to about 10 kA and is connected in series with a power transmission line 14. Power transmission line 14 is preferably an HVDC power transmission line. The rupture device 13 comprises a main circuit breaker 8 which contains series connections of several tens of up to several hundred basic elements 6, - depending on the voltage level - a non-linear resistor 11 connected in parallel to the main circuit breaker 8 and a series connection of a high-speed switch 10 and an auxiliary circuit breaker 9
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 28/62
25/41 connected in parallel to main circuit breaker 8 and non-linear resistor 11. Auxiliary circuit breaker 9 contains only the basic element 6. High speed switch 11 is shown as a mechanical switch, but in this example it consists of a series connection of at least two mechanical switches operated simultaneously. In series with the rupture device 13, a reactor 12 is placed to limit the current rate. As can be understood from figure 2, the breaking device 13 is able to interrupt a current flowing in the direction of the first current 4 through the energy transmission line 14 only. In series with the rupture device 13, a reactor 12 is placed to limit the current rate. Thus, it is not suitable for use as an AC current circuit breaker, but can be used as a DC current circuit breaker over a wide voltage range, starting at approximately 1 kV and rated up to 1000 kV and above , that is, it can be used in both the fields of energy distribution and energy transmission. [0071] The first base element 6 is used in a device embodiment according to the present invention, as described in figure 2. The rupture device13 in figure 2 is suitable for high voltage applications of 50 kV and above, and is capable of interrupting currents up to about 10 kA and is connected in series with a power transmission line14. The power transmission line 14 is preferably an HVDC power transmission line. The rupture device 13 comprises a main circuit breaker 8 which contains a series connection of several tens to several hundred basic elements 6 - depending on the voltage level - a non-linear resistor 11 connected in parallel with the main circuit breaker 8 and a series connection of a high-speed switch 10 and an auxiliary circuit breaker 9 connected in parallel with the main circuit breaker 8 and the non-linear resistor 11. Auxiliary circuit breaker 9 contains only the
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 29/62
26/41 basic element 6. The high speed switch 11 is shown as a mechanical switch, but in this example it consists of a series connection of at least two mechanical switches operated simultaneously. As can be understood from figure 2, the breaking device 13 is able to interrupt a current flowing in the first current direction 4 through the power transmission line 14 only. In series with the rupture device 13, a reactor 12 is placed to limit the current rate. Thus, it is not suitable for use as an AC current circuit breaker, but can be used as a DC current circuit breaker over a wide voltage range, starting at approximately 1 kV and rated up to 1000 kV and above , that is, it can be used in both the fields of energy distribution and energy transmission. [0072] In figure 3, a second base element 7 for solid state circuit breakers can be seen which comprises a parallel connection of the power semiconductor switch 1 of the first current direction 4 and a power semiconductor switch 3 of a second, opposite current direction 5.
[0073] The second base element 7 is used in a device embodiment according to the present invention as shown in figure 4. The rupture device 17 of figure 4 is a bidirectional rupture device, since it is capable of interrupting the current in the power transmission line14 in both, the first current direction 4 and the second current direction 5. The bidirectional rupture device 16 is otherwise similar in design and function to the rupture device 13, i.e. , is suitable for the same voltage and current range and contains the same elements with the only difference that the main circuit breaker 15 and auxiliary circuit breaker 16 comprise the second base element 7 in
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 30/62
27/41 instead of first basic elements 6. Furthermore, since the breaker 17 is a bidirectional breaker, it can be used as a bidirectional DC current breaker, that is, as a DC breaker for both the first and the second current directions 4 and 5, as well as the AC current breaker.
[0074] From figure 8, it can be understood how the rupture device according to the present invention can be operated in the event of a failure. The method will be explained using the unidirectional rupture device 13, as an example, but it is likewise applicable to a bidirectional rupture device such as the rupture device
17. On the x-axis of the coordinate system of figure 8, time t is shown in milliseconds, and on the y-axis, current I, is described through the power transmission line 14. Before time t- ι, the main and auxiliary circuit breakers, 8 and 9, as well as the high speed switch 10 are closed, because the auxiliary circuit breaker 9 and the high speed switch 10 were closed all the time during the normal operation of the power transmission line 14, while main disjoint 8 could, for example, have just been closed after some online supervision of its functionality has been carried out. The rated current lrate is flowing through the high speed switch 10 and the auxiliary circuit breaker 9 while the main circuit breaker 8 is current free. At time t-ι, a fault line occurs at the power transmission line 14 which results in a continuous increase in current I from the rated current lrate. At time t2, which in this example is about 1 ms after time t-ι, a first current limit l | im, which is defined just above the rated thermal current of the power transmission line 14 , is exceeded leading to the immediate generation and sending an auxiliary circuit breaker opening signal to auxiliary circuit breaker 9. Auxiliary circuit breaker 9 receives the auxiliary circuit breaker opening signal and opens instantly
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 31/62
28/41 within a few microseconds, thus switching current l | im to the main circuit breaker 8. After sending the opening signal of the auxiliary circuit breaker, a first period of time is expected until the auxiliary circuit breaker would be definitely opened. If, for example, the auxiliary circuit breaker generally requires 10 μβ to open, the first period of time can be chosen to be 20 μβ. Since said first period of time is very short compared to the ms-range shown in figure 8, it is not described. After the first period of time has expired, the high-speed switch 10 is opened which, in this example, will have a little more than 1 ms, so that the high-speed switch 10 is finally in the open state at time t3 . Time t5 shows the end of the maximum time interval that an algorithm in a sensing and / or protection medium needs to process several input signals before a breakdown decision is made and an opening signal from the main circuit breaker is generated and sent to the main circuit breaker 8. Said maximum time interval, calculated from the time of fault t-ι to time t5 is about 4 ms in this example. In this instant of maximum time t5, the current reaches the maximum current level lBmax at which the main circuit breaker is set to be able to break, that is, at that moment in time the opening signal of the main circuit breaker will in any case be generated and sent for main breaker 8. However, the detection and / or protection means algorithm can produce and send the opening signal of the main breaker at any time in time after the failure has occurred, that is, at any point in time after you. In this example, the opening signal from the main circuit breaker is received by the main circuit breaker 8 at time t4. In case the signal is alternatively available before or until the high speed switch is opened at time t3, time T4 and T3 would mark the same point in time,
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 32/62
29/41 that is, the method would be to proceed directly at time t3 as described below. The main circuit breaker 8 opens instantly within a couple of microseconds, so that the instant of time, when the main circuit breaker 8 is opened and the current is switched to the non-linear resistor 11 is so close after the instant of time t4 which cannot be shown in figure 8. The current level lRupture, flowing at that moment in time t4 through line 14 and thus through the main circuit breaker, is the current level that main circuit breaker 8 really has to break here . It is interesting to note that an overvoltage is likely to occur when the main circuit breaker opens. Since the resulting increase in voltage level is applied to the high speed switch, it must be designed and evaluated accordingly.
[0075] It can be noted that, in general, any ultra-fast operation switch can be used as an auxiliary circuit breaker. The main idea of this invention is that, in parallel connection in series for the main circuit breaker, the auxiliary circuit breaker takes on the task of connecting and switching to the high current level of main circuit breaker l | im, which, however, is located far below the current breaking current lRupture, while the task of supporting the full high voltage level is fulfilled by the high speed mechanical switch. Assuming that, for example, an ultra-fast mechanical switch becomes available, which could perform the same function as the auxiliary solid-state circuit breaker, that is, the ultra-fast switch would be able to break the current level | example 2 kA within a very short time meaning less than 1 ms and could withstand the same voltage level as, for example, 2 kV. In that case, the auxiliary circuit breaker could also be a mechanical instead of a solid state switch.
[0076] In figure 5, a third base element 19 is shown comprising a series connection of the semiconductor switch of
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 33/62
30/41 power 1 of the first current direction and the opposite power semiconductor switch 3, the second current direction. The base element 19 is used in figure 6 to represent bidirectional rupture devices, which are arranged in a connected switch 20, where bidirectional rupture devices are constructed of the same elements as the bidirectional rupture device 17 with the only difference that both main and auxiliary circuit breakers comprise third base elements 19, instead of second base elements
7. Since the general functionality of the rupture device 17 and a rupture device constructed of the third base element 19 are the same, they can be used for the same voltage and current ranges, as well as applications DC, bidirectional DC or AC from breaking current applications.
[0077] The external connection installation of figure 6 connects an HVDC 30 converter, represented here as a voltage source converter comprising semiconductor power switches with turn-off capability, with four DC 26-29 power transmission lines. a CC network. It is assumed that a line failure occurs on the DC power transmission line 28. In that case, break devices 22 and 21 will have to open in order to disconnect line 28 from other lines 26, 27 and 29, and consequently , the rest of the CC network. In very rare cases a rupture device may not be able to open. In order to still be able to disconnect how many DC line lines from defective line 28, so-called backup circuit breakers or backup rupture devices are defined in the outdoor connection installation that will open if its corresponding device original rupture fails. In the example of figure 6 it is assumed that the rupture device 22 is able to open while the rupture device 21 fails. Backup breakers for rupture devices 21 are rupture devices
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 34/62
31/41 and 24. In this example, two backup circuit breakers are required since the current path of the power transmission line 28 is divided into external connection installation 20 in two paths, one leading through the breaking device and the other leading through the rupture device 23. The sequence of time to open an original rupture device followed by a backup rupture device will now be explained with reference to figure 9 and using the example rupture device original 21 and backup rupture devices 23 and 24.
[0078] The x-axis of the coordinate system in figure 9 again shows time t in milliseconds, and the y-axis shows current I through power transmission line 28. Before time t-ι, the main and circuit breakers auxiliary, as well as the high-speed switches of rupture devices 21, 23 and 24 are closed; currents are flowing through auxiliary circuit breakers and high speed switches, while main circuit breakers are free current. The individual level of the current through each breaking device 21, 22, 23 and 24 is determined by the distribution of current within the external connection installation. At time t-ι, a line fault occurs on the power transmission line 28 which results in a continuous increase in current I from the rated current lrate. This increasing current is fed into the external connection installation and from there to the rest of the DC network, which is to prevent through the opening of both rupture devices 21 and 22. But, as I said before, rupture device 22 will not be further considered, since its disruptive action is presumed to be successful. At time t2, a first current limit l | im, which is just above the rated thermal current of the power transmission line 28 is exceeded, leading to instantaneous generation and the sending of a signal
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 35/62
32/41 auxiliary opening of an auxiliary circuit breaker for the auxiliary circuit breakers of both, the original rupture device 21 and the backup rupture devices 23 and 24. The auxiliary circuit breakers receive the opening signal from the auxiliary circuit breaker and open instantly within a few microseconds, therefore switching their respective current to their corresponding main circuit breaker. As already explained in relation to figure 8, it is expected for each of the three break devices 21,23 and 24 for a first period of time between sending the opening signal of the auxiliary circuit breaker until the respective auxiliary circuit breaker prepares to open before the corresponding high speed switch is open as well. The high-speed switches on the breaking devices 21, 23 and 24 are all opened at time t3. In this example, a break decision is made by means of detection and / or protection and an opening signal from the main breaker is generated and sent to the main breaker of the original breaker 21 at time t4, which must receive the signal and react instantly.
[0079] However, the breaker 21 main circuit breaker fails to open and therefore no current is switched to the corresponding non-linear resistance. This fact is recognized at time t5, which coincides in this example with the time at which the main circuit breaker would have to open, at the latest, due to obtaining lBmax-. Immediately, an opening signal from the main breaker is generated and sent to the backup breakers 23 and 24 main breakers that will open instantly. The reaction time between the recognition of a breaker failure at t5 and the opening of one or more backup break devices at t6 is therefore only determined by the time until the main breaker of the main backup breaker be open which is extremely short
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 36/62
33/41 here.
[0080] However, it is represented with a slightly exaggerated time period between T5 and T6, in order to explain that the current level that is reached at time t6 is equal to the maximum current level lBmax that the main circuit breaker it is defined to be able to break another lmarg. backup margin, ie, the main breakers of the rupture devices of figure 6 are, in fact, designed to be able to break the said increased current level.
(lBmax 'lmarg) [0081] In figure 7, an arrangement is shown to explain an example of a possible interaction between the rupture device 13, a control device means 36 and a connected switch control means 38, where it assumes that the rupture device 13 is like other rupture devices part of an external connection installation which is controlled by means of the control of the external connection installation 38. The control means of the external connection installation 38 has as signs input a signal or signals 37 from a higher level of control and protection of the network system belonging to the power transmission line 14, and a current measurement signal taken by a current sensor 32. The current sensor 32 provides measurements of current levels in the power transmission line 14. From these input signals, from the control means of the external connection installation 38 decisions are born see if one or more of the rupture devices in the corresponding external connection installation are to be opened or closed again. The signal output 37 of the control means of the external connection installation 38 is a signal which is sent to the control means of the device 36 and which indicates that the breaking device 13 is to be opened, which means that the current through rupture device
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 37/62
34/41 is to be interrupted, regardless of whether device 13 is to be opened as an original disruptive device or as a backup interrupt device. From the control means of the device 36, the following information is sent back to the control means of the connected switch: signal 34, which indicates whether the breaking device 13 is willing and able to thus switch the current to the its main circuit breaker 8 before the actual breaking decision, and signal 35 indicating that the breaking device 13 has failed, ie, that the current cannot be switched to non-linear resistance 11. Signal 34 informs that the control medium from the external connection installation 38 that very short reaction times are possible and that the control and protection algorithms can be adjusted accordingly. [0082] In addition to signal 33, the additional input signals for the control means of device 36 are the current measurement signal from current sensor 32 and current indication signals from current indicators 25 and 31. The current indicator 25 indicates whether a current is present in the high-speed switch branch 10 and auxiliary circuit breaker 9 and the other current indicators 31, indicates whether a current is present in the non-linear resistance branch 11. Current indicators 25 and 31 they don't need to take a real current measurement; on the contrary, it is sufficient if they can say yes / no as an answer to the question of whether a current flow is present. As previously described with reference to Figs. 8 and 9, the control means of the device 36 reacts to a current measurement of current sensor 32 which indicates that the first current limit l | im is exceeded in the power transmission line 14, and generates the opening signal of the auxiliary circuit breaker and sends it via a connection 41 to auxiliary circuit breaker 9, regardless of the input signal 33 from the control means of the external connection installation 38. Then, either when the first period of time has expired, or, in a modality
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 38/62
35/41 alternative first, when the measurement of the current sensor 32 exceeds a second current limit or, a second alternative mode, when the current indicator 25 indicates that the current has been successfully switched to the main circuit breaker 8, ie that is, that no current is more present in the branch of outdoor installation of high speed connection 10 and auxiliary circuit breaker 9, an opening signal is sent through connection 39 to a high speed switch 10. [0083] As soon as the rear input signal 33 indicates that the breaking device 13 is to interrupt the current of the power transmission line 14, the control means of the device 36 generates the opening signal of the main circuit breaker and sends it through a connection 40 for main circuit breaker 8. In the event that the control means of the external connection installation 38 operates the breaker device 13 as the original circuit breaker, the input signal 33 will have come before the time interval (t5-t4) (see figure 9) compared to the case in which the rupture device 13 is operated as a backup circuit breaker. After the opening signal from the main circuit breaker 40 is sent out, the control means of the devices 36 monitor the signal coming from the current indicator 31. If after a predefined period of time after sending the opening signal from the main circuit breaker, none indication of a successful switching current to a non-linear resistor 11 is received, the control means of the device 36 sends signal 35 to the control means of the external connection installation 38 to inform you of the failure of the control device rupture 13 so that the control means of the external connection installation 38 can activate the backup rupture device of the device 13.
[0084] If after opening the high speed switch 10 or, alternatively, after opening the auxiliary circuit breaker, a second period of time, for example, 100 ms expires during which the
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 39/62
36/41 control means of device 36 has not received any information through signal 33 that the current in line 14 must be interrupted, the control means of device 36 sends closing signals via connections 39 and 41 to the high key speed 10 and auxiliary circuit breaker 9, respectively. If after measuring current sensor 32 again or again, it exceeds the first current limit, the entire procedure is started again.
[0085] Figure 10 shows a first and Figure 11 shows a second modality of a current limiting arrangement. The current limiting arrangement 42 in figure 10 is based on the first base element 6 of figure 1 and is therefore operable as a unidirectional current limiting device. The current limiting arrangement 42 comprises a series connection of several breaking devices 13 and is connected in series with a power transmission line 44 and with a current limiting reactor 12. The current limiting arrangement 43 of the figure 11 is based on the third base element 19 of Figure 5 and is therefore operable as a bidirectional current limiting device. The arrangement 43 comprises a series connection of main circuit breakers 45, each comprising at least a third base element 19, where each main circuit breaker 45 has a non-linear resistance 11 connected in parallel. On the other side of the series connection of main circuit breakers 45, a series connection of a high speed switch 10 and auxiliary circuit breaker 46 is connected in parallel, when auxiliary circuit breaker 46 comprises at least a third base element 19. The current limiting arrangement 43 is connected in series with a power transmission line 44 and with a current limiting reactor 12.
[0086] Other modalities of current limiting arrangements not shown may comprise main circuit breakers as well as one or more auxiliary circuit breakers that are based on the first, second or
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 40/62
37/41 third base elements and which are arranged in one of the shapes shown in figures 10 and 11. Since the second base element 7 works in both current directions, corresponding to the current limiting arrangements, they are also operable as devices bidirectional current limiters.
[0087] The current limiting arrangement according to the present invention can be used for the same voltage ranges as the breaking devices described above, that is, for both medium voltage power distribution and power transmission applications. high-voltage.
[0088] A method of using the current limiting arrangement of figure 11 is now described with reference to figure 8. Shortly before the instant time t-ι, the main and auxiliary circuit breakers, 8 and 9, as well as the switch high speed 10 are closed. The rated current lrate is flowing through the high speed switch 10 and the auxiliary circuit breaker 9, while the main circuit breakers 8 are free current. At time t-ι, a fault line occurs at the power transmission line 44 which results in a continuous increase in the current I from the rated current lrate. At time t2, a first current limit l | im, which is slightly above the rated thermal current of the power transmission line 44, is exceeded, leading to the immediate generation and sending an auxiliary circuit breaker opening signal to auxiliary circuit breaker 9. Auxiliary circuit breaker 9 receives the opening signal from the auxiliary circuit breaker and opens instantly within a few microseconds, thus communicating current l | im to the main circuit breakers 8. From the sending of the opening signal of the auxiliary circuit breaker a first period of time is waited until the auxiliary disjoint r would be definitely opened, and then the high speed switch 10 is opened, which after some time, for example, 1 ms is finally in the open state at time t3. At the instant of
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 41/62
38/41 time t3, the current reached an intermediate current level 13 which is above the first current limit l | m, but clearly below the maximum breaking current lBmax- From the difference between the intermediate current level and the first current limit, (F-lnm), a number of main circuit breakers 8 to be opened in current limitation arrangement 43 is now determined, which in this example is assumed to be three of the six series connected to main circuit breakers 8. Thus, three of the main circuit breakers 8 are open, thus switching the current flowing through them over the corresponding non-linear resistors 11. As a result, the current level does not increase further with the same rate of increase as before. Instead, either a lower rate increases, or, as shown in figure 8, with a dashed line, it remains at the intermediate level of current l3, or even decreases. In the example of figure 8, the current remains at the intermediate current level until a final breaking decision, i.e., a decision to completely interrupt the current in the power transmission line 44, is made at time t4. The final breakdown decision can be made either because the thermal energy in the non-linear resistances 11 of the open main circuit breakers 8 exceeds an upper limit or because an algorithm in a means of detection and / or protection assesses that the failure in the transmission line power 44 requires such a current interruption. In this way, at time t4, all the main circuit breakers that are still in the closed state are opened, as well as, the aforementioned example applies to the remaining three main circuit breakers 8. The currents switch to their corresponding non-linear resistors 11 and are thus finally interrupted at the power transmission line 44. As is clear from the figure. 8, the current that the main circuit breakers 8 must interrupt is in this example, the intermediate current level l3, which is
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 42/62
39/41 considerably less than the maximum breaking capacity, lBmax Assuming that the most serious case in which the current level increases even more, despite the opening of the first three main circuit breakers. Due to the opening of some of the main circuit breakers 8, the said increase occurs at least at a lower rate compared to the use of the pure rupture device 13 (or 17). This means that when the maximum time period required for the detection and / or protection means algorithm to reach a breach of confidence decision is reached, it is designed here to expire at t5, the current level, that the circuit breakers main remaining 8 would have to interrupt would in any case remain below the maximum breaking current l _B max of a pure breaking device. Thus, main circuit breakers 8 could be designed for a maximum breaking current l _B max, which reduces their costs considerably. The connected switch in figure 12 is in some respects similar to the connected switch in figure 6. An HVDC 30 converter and four DC 26-29 power transmission lines from a DC network. One difference is that the rupture devices that are directly connected to lines 26 and 29 are in figure 12, each replaced by a bidirectional current limiting arrangement 43 according to figure 11. Current limit arrangements are referenced by numbers 43 ', 43 and 43'. In addition, in series with each of the rupture devices directly connected to lines 27 and 28, a pre-insertion resistor 47 is connected, and in parallel with each pre-insertion resistor 47, a bypass switch 48 is connected. In normal operation, the bypass switch 48 is closed, as shown for the bypass switch corresponding to the rupture device 21, in order to disconnect the respective pre-insertion resistor and thus avoid unnecessary losses. The breaking devices 21, 22 and 49 that are directly connected to lines 27 and 28, as well as the breaking devices
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 43/62
40/41 break 23 and 50 which are directly connected to the HVDC converter 30 are all bidirectional type which are based on the third base element 19.
[0089] It is assumed that line 27 is first de-energized and disconnected from all other energized lines 26, 28 and 29 and from the HVDC converter 30 by means of rupture devices 22 and 49 being in the open state. Alternatively, line 27 could be preloaded for a different voltage level than the other lines 26, 28 and 29. In order to couple line 27 to the rest of the network and thereby energize it, the breaking devices 49 and 22 are closed, closing their main circuit breakers, high speed switches and auxiliary circuit breakers. At the same time, the bypass switches 48 of the pre-insertion resistors 47 corresponding to the breaking devices 22 and 49 are opened so that the overvoltage currents that can occur in line 27 from both the left and right sides of the connected key are limited. After line 27 is successfully coupled to the other lines, bypass switch 48 is closed again.
[0090] The need to have pre-insertion resistors and branch switches connected in series with each breaking device can be avoided by replacing the breaking devices with any of the above current limiting arrangements, where the current limiting arrangements chain assumes the functions of both the rupture device and the pre-insertion resistance and add more advantageous functions as described above. In figure 12, it is assumed that line 26 is de-energized first. Alternatively, line 26 could be preloaded for a different voltage level than the other lines 27, 28 and 29. Line 26 is disconnected from all other energized lines 27, 28 and 29 and the HVDC 30 converter via current limiting arrangements 43 'and 43 ”being in the open state. In order to
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 44/62
41/41 couple line 26 to the rest of the network and in order to energize it, the current limit arrangements 43 'and 43 ”are closed in part only by closing a part of its main circuit breakers 45 and by maintaining the other circuit breakers main switches 45, high speed switch 10 and auxiliary circuit breaker 46 open. The overvoltage current is thus limited through non-linear resistors corresponding to the part of the main circuit breakers 45 that are kept open. After the line 26 is successfully coupled to the other lines, the other main circuit breakers 45, the high speed switch 10 and the auxiliary circuit breaker 46 of current limiting arrangements 43 'and 43 ”are closed so that the current in these limiting arrangements currents are switched to the high speed switch and auxiliary circuit breakers. Then, all main circuit breakers 45 can be opened again.

权利要求:
Claims (33)
[1]
1. Device (13,17) for breaking a direct electric current that passes through an energy transmission or distribution line (14) comprising a parallel connection of a main circuit breaker (8,15) and a resistor non-linear (11), the main circuit breaker (8, 15) comprising at least one power semiconductor switch (1) from a first current direction (4), the device (13, 17) further comprising a series of a high speed switch (10) comprising at least one mechanical switch and an auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16), the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) having a lower driving resistance than the main circuit breaker (8, 15) and comprising at least one power semiconductor switch (1) from the first current direction (4), where the series connection is connected in parallel to the parallel connection, characterized by the fact that the device (13, 17) is adapted to open the auxiliary circuit breaker (9.1 6) upon receipt of an auxiliary circuit breaker signal before a decision to open the main circuit breaker (8, 15) has been made.
[2]
2. Device (13,17), according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the main circuit breaker (8, 15) has a higher coefficient voltage blocking capacity than that of the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) .
[3]
Device (13, 17) according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises, the main circuit breaker (8, 15) comprises at least two semiconductor power switches connected in series (1) of the first current direction ( 4), the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) comprises at least one power semiconductor switch (1) from the first current direction (4)
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 46/62
2/12 having the same voltage blocking capacity as the power semiconductor switches (1) of the main circuit breaker (8, 15), and the main circuit breaker (8, 15) always comprises a greater number of power semiconductor switches (1 ) than the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16).
[4]
Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the main circuit breaker (8, 15) and / or the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) comprises at least one additional power semiconductor switch (1) of the first current direction (4) connected in parallel with at least one power semiconductor switch (1) a power of the first current direction (4).
[5]
Device (17) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that both the main circuit breaker (8, 15) and the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) comprise at least one power semiconductor switch ( 3) connected in parallel with at least one power semiconductor switch (1) in the first current direction (4) and in a second current direction (5).
[6]
Device (13) according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the main circuit breaker (8, 15) and the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) each comprise at least one return diode ( 2), each return diode (2) connected in antiparallel to at least one power semiconductor switch (1) in the first current direction (4).
[7]
Device (21 -24) according to claim 6, characterized in that the main circuit breaker (8, 15) and the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) each comprise at least one semiconductor power switch ( 3) a second current direction (5) having a return diode (18) in antiparallel connection with it and being connected in series with at least the power semiconductor switch (1) of the first current direction (4 ).
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 47/62
12/3
[8]
8. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it is adapted for, in case an auxiliary circuit breaker signal has been received and no main circuit breaker opening signal (40) is received within a period of time from the opening of the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) or from the opening of the high speed switch (10), closes the high speed switch (10) and the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) again.
[9]
Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact that it additionally comprises a device control means (36), having a first input adapted to receive a current measurement from a temperature sensor. current (32) adapted to measure the current in the line (14), and a second input adapted to receive a signal indicating that the device has to be opened, the device control means being adapted to generate a circuit breaker signal auxiliary in response to a received current measurement indicating that a first current limit is exceeded in the power transmission line, and the device control means is additionally adapted to generate a main breaker open signal (40) upon receipt a sign indicating that the device has to be opened.
[10]
10. Current limiting arrangement (42), comprising at least two of the devices (13), as defined in claim 1, connected in series to each other and in series with a current path through a distribution or transmission line power (44), characterized by the fact that the arrangement (42) is adapted to operate a first determined number of at least two devices (13) so that a current through the high speed switches (10) and auxiliary circuit breakers ( 9) of at least two devices
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 48/62
4/12 (13) is switched along the respective non-linear resistors (11) in the event that the current in the current path exceeds an overcurrent limit.
[11]
11. Current limiting arrangement (43) connected in series with a current path through a power transmission or distribution line (44), comprising a series connection of a high speed switch (10) and an auxiliary circuit breaker (46), where the high speed switch (10) comprises at least one mechanical switch, characterized by the fact that at least two parallel connections of a main circuit breaker (45) and a non-linear resistance (11 ), where the parallel connections are connected in series with each other and where the main circuit breakers (45) each comprise at least one semiconductor power switch (1, 3) of the same current direction or directions (4, 5), and where the auxiliary circuit breaker (46) has a lower over resistance than any of the main circuit breakers (45) and comprises at least one semiconductor power switch (1, 3) of the same current direction or directions ( 4, 5) as the semiconductor key power drive (1, 3) at least from the main circuit breakers (45), the series connection being connected in parallel with at least two parallel connections, the arrangement (43) is adapted to operate the high speed switch (10) and the auxiliary circuit breaker (46), as well as a first number of at least two parallel connections so that a current through the high speed switch (10) and the auxiliary circuit breaker (46) is switched to the respective non-linear resistors (11) of the first determined number of at least two parallel connections in the event that the current in the current path exceeds a limit of
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 49/62
5/12 overcurrent, and the current limiting arrangement is adapted to open an auxiliary circuit breaker (46) with the receipt of an auxiliary circuit breaker signal before a decision to open the main circuit breaker (45) has been made.
[12]
12. External connection installation to connect an HVDC converter (30) to a set of transmission lines (26, 27, 28, 29) where, for each transmission line, the external connection installation comprises original devices, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9, and additional devices as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9, the outer connection installation characterized by the fact that it additionally comprises a current sensing means (32) adapted to generate a signal current measurement indicative of the current level in a first transmission line; and the outer connection installation being arranged so that, in response to the current measurement signal from the first transmission line having exceeded a current limit, an auxiliary circuit breaker opening signal is generated and sent to both the original devices and the additional devices of said first transmission line, before the decision was taken to open the main circuit breaker (8, 15) of the original devices of said first transmission line.
[13]
13. Method for using a device to interrupt a continuous electrical current flowing through a power transmission line or distribution line (14), the device comprising, a parallel connection of a main circuit breaker (8, 15) and a non-linear resistor (11), the main circuit breaker (8, 15) comprising at least one semiconductor power switch (1) of a first current direction (4), and a series connection of a high speed switch (10)
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 50/62
6/12 comprising at least one mechanical switch and an auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16), the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) having a lower driving resistance than the main circuit breaker (8, 15) and comprising at least one power semiconductor switch (1) of the first current direction (4), the series connection is connected in parallel to the parallel connection, and the device (13, 17; 21) is connected in series to a current path that goes through a power transmission line or a distribution line (14; 28) and where the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) and the high speed switch (10) of the device are closed, the method comprising the steps closing the main circuit breaker (8, 15), characterized by the fact that it additionally comprises the steps of opening the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) if an opening signal from the auxiliary circuit breaker (41) is received, thus switching the current to the main circuit breaker (8, 15), then open the high speed (10), then open the main circuit breaker (8, 15), if an opening signal from the main circuit breaker (40) is received, thus switching the current to the non-linear resistance (11), the opening of the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) is carried out before a decision to open the main circuit breaker (8, 15) has been made.
[14]
14. Method for using a first current limiting arrangement (42) comprising at least two circuit breakers (13) connected in series with each other and in series with a current path through a power transmission line or distribution line (44), with a circuit breaker device comprising,
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 51/62
7/12 a parallel connection of a main circuit breaker (8, 15) and a non-linear resistor (11), the main circuit breaker (8, 15) comprising at least one semiconductor power switch (1) of a first current direction (4), a series connection of an auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) and a high speed switch (10) comprising at least one mechanical switch, the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) having a lower driving resistance than the main circuit breaker (8, 15) and comprising at least one power semiconductor switch (1) from the first current direction (4), the serial connection of the auxiliary circuit breaker and the high speed switch being connected in parallel to the parallel connection , the method comprising in the event that a current in the current path exceeds an overcurrent limit, operates a first number of at least two circuit breakers (13) so that the current is switched to the respective non-linear resistors (1 1), characterized by the fact that operating a circuit breaker comprises, opening the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) if an opening signal from the auxiliary circuit breaker (41) is received, thus switching the current to the main circuit breaker (8, 15) , then open the high speed switch (10), then open the main circuit breaker (8, 15), if an opening signal from the main circuit breaker (40) is received, thus switching the current to the non-linear resistor (11) , with the opening of the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) taking place before a decision to open the main circuit breaker (8, 15) has been made.
[15]
15. Method according to claim 14, characterized
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 52/62
8/12 by the fact that the first number determined is determined depending on how much the overcurrent limit is exceeded.
[16]
16. Method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized by the fact that the thermal energy in the non-linear resistors (11) corresponding to the open main circuit breakers (8, 45) is monitored and, in case of exceeding a pre-limit set of energy in the first place, the open main circuit breakers (8, 45) are closed again and the same first number of main circuit breakers (8), which had previously been closed in the state, are opened.
[17]
17. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that, • the current voltage of at least one non-linear resistance (11) of the respective current limit arrangement (42, 43) is determined and stored in a memory, • the expected lifetime of at least one non-linear resistor (11) is determined from the voltage of a given current, and • the first determined number of the main circuit breakers (8, 45) of the first current limiting arrangement (42) or the second current limiting arrangement (43), respectively, which are to be opened next is chosen so that the expected lifetime of at least one non-linear resistance (11) is increased.
[18]
Method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that in the event that a decision is made to interrupt the current in the current path, all the remaining devices (13) of the first current limiter arrangement (42) that are still closed are operated, or all the remaining main circuit breakers (45) of the second current limiting arrangement (43) are opened, respectively, so that the current in the current path is switched to all non-current resistors linear (11) of
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 53/62
9/12 respective current limitation agreement (42, 43).
[19]
19. Method according to claim 18, characterized in that the decision to interrupt the current in the current path is made if the thermal energy in at least one of the non-linear resistors (11) of the respective current limiting arrangement (42 , 43) exceeds a second predefined energy limit.
[20]
20. Method according to claim 18, characterized in that the decision to interrupt the current in the current path is made if a third current limit is exceeded, when the third current limit is the maximum current level (lBmax ), that the main circuit breakers (8, 45) of the respective current limiting arrangement (42, 43) are defined to be able to open.
[21]
21. Method according to any one of claims 14 to 20, characterized in that the power distribution or transmission line (26) is primarily in a de-energized state or is first pre-charged to a different voltage level than at least one other power distribution or transmission line (27 - 29) that is in a power state, and the first or second current limiting arrangement, respectively, is in the open state, comprising the steps of closing a part of the main circuit breakers (8, 45) of the first or second current limiting arrangement and keeping the other part of the main circuit breakers (8, 45) open, as well as the high-speed key or switches (10) and the auxiliary circuit breaker (46) or circuit breakers (9) while the distribution line or power transmission (26) is coupled to the power transmission at least or to the distribution line (27 - 29), and after coupling then successful, closing the other part of the main circuit breakers (8, 45), the high-speed switch or switches (10) and the auxiliary circuit breaker (46) or circuit breakers (9).
[22]
22. Method according to any of the claims
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 54/62
12/10
13 to 21, characterized by the fact that the opening signal of the auxiliary circuit breaker (41) is generated, sent and received immediately after the current exceeds a first current limit (t-i).
[23]
23. Method according to claim 22, characterized in that the first current limit (l | im) is defined slightly above the rated thermal current of the line or slightly above the rated thermal current of a converter station connected to the line .
[24]
24. Method according to any one of claims 13 to 23, characterized in that the high-speed switch (10) is opened when a first period of time has elapsed since the opening of the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16).
[25]
25. Method according to any one of claims 13 to 24, characterized in that the high speed switch (10) is opened when the current exceeds a second current limit.
[26]
26. Method according to any one of claims 13 to 25, characterized in that the high-speed switch (10) is opened when a signal (25) is received, indicating that the current has been successfully switched to the main circuit breaker (8, 15).
[27]
27. Method according to any one of claims 13 to 26, characterized in that the opening signal of the main circuit breaker (40) is generated, sent and received if a fault in the line (14, 28) and / or in another electrical device connected to the line (t4).
[28]
28. Method according to any one of claims 13 to 27, characterized in that in the event that no opening signal from the main circuit breaker (40) is received within a second time period of the opening of the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16 ) or from the opening of the high speed switch (10), the high speed switch (10) and the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) are closed again.
[29]
29. Method according to claim 28, characterized by the fact that if, after closing the high speed switch
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 55/62
11/12 (10) and auxiliary circuit breaker (9,16), the opening signal of the auxiliary circuit breaker (41) is still received or received again, first the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) is opened, then the high speed switch (10) is opened and then the main circuit breaker (8, 15) is opened, if the opening signal from the main circuit breaker (40) is received.
[30]
Method according to any one of claims 13 to 29, characterized in that, in the absence of an auxiliary circuit breaker opening signal (41) and a main circuit breaker opening signal (40), the main circuit breaker ( 8, 15) is opened, the operation of its at least one semiconductor power switch (1, 3) and, if present, at least one return diode is tested and the main circuit breaker (8, 15) is closed again.
[31]
31. Method according to any one of claims 13 to 29, characterized in that, in the absence of an auxiliary circuit breaker opening signal (41) and a main circuit breaker opening signal (40), the steps to follow are performed:
• open the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16), thereby switching the current to the main circuit breaker (8, 15), • then open the high speed switch (10), thereby testing the high speed switch's operability ( 10), • after testing the operability of at least one power semiconductor switch (1, 3) and, if present, at least one auxiliary circuit breaker return diode (9, 16), • after the successful test , close the high speed switch (10) and the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) again.
[32]
32. Method according to any one of claims 13 to 30, characterized in that an additional device (23, 24) is connected to the same current path as the power transmission or distribution line (28), the device additional comprising:
a parallel connection of a main circuit breaker (8, 15) and a
Petition 870190040729, of 04/30/2019, p. 56/62
12/12 non-linear resistor (11), the main circuit breaker (8, 15) comprising at least one power semiconductor switch (1) of a first current direction (4), and a series connection of a high speed switch (10) comprising at least one mechanical switch and an auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16), the auxiliary circuit breaker (9, 16) having a lower driving resistance than the main circuit breaker (8, 15) and comprising at least one power semiconductor switch (1) of the first current direction (4), where the series connection is connected in parallel to the parallel connection, the method comprising in the case where the auxiliary circuit breaker opening signal (41) is received by the device (21), additional steps are followed:
• first opening of the auxiliary circuit breaker on the additional device (23, 24), • then opening the high speed switch on the additional device (23, 24), • if on the device (21) the current is not successfully connected to the non-linear resistance , open the additional device (23, 24), the main circuit breaker (8, 15), or • if in the device (21) the current is successfully connected to the non-linear resistance, close the high speed switch and the auxiliary circuit breaker in additional device (23, 24).
[33]
33. Method according to any one of claims 15 to 31, characterized in that the opening of the auxiliary circuit breaker is carried out before the decision to open the first number of main circuit breakers has been made.

类似技术:

---

公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题

---

BR112012011543B1|2019-10-08|DEVICE FOR BREAKING A DC POWER, CURRENT LIMITATION ARRANGEMENT, OUTDOOR CONNECTION INSTALLATION TO CONNECT HVDC CONVERTER AND METHOD TO USE A DEVICE FOR SWITCHING A DC

---

US7545611B2|2009-06-09|Electric power circuit protecting apparatus using superconductor

---

KR101403070B1|2014-06-02|Switching module to limit and/or break the current of an electric power line

---

US7973533B2|2011-07-05|In-circuit testing for integrity of solid-state switches

---

EP0599814B1|1997-04-16|Power supply system

---

BR102013011159A2|2015-06-30|Circuit breaker for protection of an electrical system

---

US5644218A|1997-07-01|Protection device for a superconducting coil of a superconducting voltage stabilizer

---

CN105206449B|2018-01-02|Make the apparatus and method and current limliting arrangement of the current interruption of transmission line of electricity or distribution line

---

ES2360463T3|2011-06-06|SEPARATION DEVICE FOR A VOLTAGE SEMICONDUCTOR AND OPERATING PROCEDURE OF THE SAME, POWER MODULE AND SYSTEM ASSEMBLY.

---

BR112014018139B1|2021-06-01|DC POWER SUPPLY UNIT AND POWER SUPPLY UNIT

---

CN110311360B|2021-10-01|Direct current breaking device and direct current breaking method

---

US20200112166A1|2020-04-09|Dc circuit breaker

---

KR20170124817A|2017-11-13|Digital triple protection relay system

---

KR20190127111A|2019-11-13|Fast current limiting device having simplified structure

---

CN111308300A|2020-06-19|Direct current breaker semiconductor device on-line monitoring device and control method thereof

---

Wang et al.2017|Automation and control design of overvoltage protection for sub-modules in modular multilevel converter

---

US20030107851A1|2003-06-12|Mobile high voltage network

---

CN211351693U|2020-08-25|Motor feed control circuit and electric equipment

---

KR20220005796A|2022-01-14|Circuit breaker composed of semiconductor element

---

Mansour1968|Investigation of Flight II Central Station Overvoltage Condition

---

JP2001037066A|2001-02-09|Opening/closing circuit for switching

同族专利:

---

公开号 | 公开日

---

EP2502248A1|2012-09-26|

---

TN2012000201A1|2013-12-12|

---

EP2502248B1|2017-01-25|

---

CA2780946C|2016-05-10|

---

AU2009355281A1|2012-07-05|

---

RU2510092C2|2014-03-20|

---

DK2502248T3|2017-05-01|

---

ES2621777T3|2017-07-05|

---

AU2009355281B2|2014-01-16|

---

WO2011057675A1|2011-05-19|

---

KR20120089751A|2012-08-13|

---

ZA201203379B|2013-02-27|

---

CN102687221A|2012-09-19|

---

KR101521000B1|2015-05-15|

---

US20120299393A1|2012-11-29|

---

BR112012011543A2|2016-06-28|

---

US8717716B2|2014-05-06|

---

CA2780946A1|2011-05-19|

---

CN102687221B|2015-11-25|

---

MX2012005659A|2012-06-19|

---

RU2012125050A|2013-12-27|

---

NZ599794A|2013-07-26|

引用文献:

---

公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

---

---

CH513507A|1970-02-20|1971-09-30|Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie|Switching device for switching off direct current high-voltage lines|

---

US5164872A|1991-06-17|1992-11-17|General Electric Company|Load circuit commutation circuit|

---

SE514827C2|1993-12-09|2001-04-30|Abb Ab|DC switch for high power|

---

SE510597C2|1997-03-24|1999-06-07|Asea Brown Boveri|Electric power transmission system|

---

JPH11234894A|1998-02-12|1999-08-27|Hitachi Ltd|Circuit breaker employing semiconductor device|

---

DE10002870A1|2000-01-24|2001-08-23|Abb Research Ltd|Current limiting arrangement has switching point connected in rated current path in series with vacuum switch and provided with device for increasing spark voltage|

---

SE518234C2|2001-01-11|2002-09-10|Abb Ab|Electrical device, current limiter, electric power grid and use of a current limiter|

---

ES2259409T3|2003-12-05|2006-10-01|Societe Technique Pour L'energie Atomique Technicatome|HYBRID CIRCUIT DEVICE DEVICE.|

---

DE602007012203D1|2007-02-02|2011-03-10|Abb Research Ltd|Switching device, its use and method of switching|

---

DE102007042903A1|2007-07-02|2009-01-08|Bammert, Jörg|Electric current i.e. direct current, switching circuit for switching circuit of alternating current converter in photovoltaic system, has transistor with control connection connected with current path, and disabling both closed switches|WO2011141055A1|2010-05-11|2011-11-17|Abb Technology Ag|A high voltage dc breaker apparatus|

---

DE102011078034A1|2011-06-24|2012-12-27|Siemens Ag|switching device|

---

FR2977738B1|2011-07-04|2015-01-16|Mersen France Sb Sas|CONTINUOUS CURRENT INTERRUPTION SYSTEM FOR OPENING INDUCTIVE CONTINUOUS CURRENT LINE|

---

KR101233003B1|2011-07-22|2013-02-13|엘에스산전 주식회사|Fault current limiter|

---

KR101233048B1|2011-07-22|2013-02-13|엘에스산전 주식회사|Fault current limiter|

---

DE202011051561U1|2011-10-06|2012-09-17|Abb Technology Ag|Device for interrupting and / or limiting a direct current|

---

EP2777115B1|2011-11-11|2016-01-27|ABB Technology AG|Using the transfer switch of a hybrid circuit breaker as selector switch|

---

EP2780923B1|2011-11-18|2015-04-22|ABB Technology AG|Hvdc hybrid circuit breaker with snubber circuit|

---

WO2013093066A1|2011-12-22|2013-06-27|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Hybrid dc circuit breaking device|

---

FR2985082B1|2011-12-23|2014-02-21|Alstom Technology Ltd|MECATRONIC CIRCUIT BREAKER DEVICE AND RELATIVE TRIGGERING METHOD AND APPLICATION TO HIGH CONTINUOUS CURRENT CUTTING|

---

DE202012100024U1|2012-01-04|2012-04-02|Abb Technology Ag|HVDC HYBRID circuit breaker with protective circuit|

---

DE202012100023U1|2012-01-04|2012-04-12|Abb Technology Ag|HVDC hybrid circuit breaker with protective circuit|

---

ES2714426T3|2012-03-09|2019-05-28|Siemens Ag|Device for switching direct currents|

---

EP2810290B1|2012-03-09|2016-05-04|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Apparatus for switching of direct current in a dc network terminal|

---

PL2810289T3|2012-03-09|2017-04-28|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Method for connecting a direct current network section by means of dc current switch|

---

WO2013174429A1|2012-05-23|2013-11-28|Abb Technology Ltd|An apparatus for assisting or controlling the electric power transmission in a dc power transmission system|

---

WO2013178787A1|2012-05-31|2013-12-05|Abb Technology Ag|High-voltage switch with multiple metal enclosures|

---

WO2013182231A1|2012-06-05|2013-12-12|Abb Technology Ltd|A method and an arrangement for limiting the current in an electrical power transmission system|

---

US9882371B2|2012-06-19|2018-01-30|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Direct current voltage switch for switching a direct current in a branch of a direct current voltage network node|

---

EP2701255B1|2012-08-23|2016-05-04|General Electric Technology GmbH|Circuit interruption device|

---

EP2701254B1|2012-08-23|2020-04-08|General Electric Technology GmbH|Circuit interruption device|

---

DE102012217280A1|2012-09-25|2014-03-27|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Separating arrangement for a high voltage direct current network|

---

KR101902173B1|2012-09-28|2018-10-01|한국전력공사|A device for identifying the power source in the power distribution network|

---

WO2014053554A1|2012-10-05|2014-04-10|Abb Technology Ag|Circuit breaker with stacked breaker modules|

---

WO2014086432A1|2012-12-07|2014-06-12|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Dc voltage power switch|

---

WO2014094847A1|2012-12-19|2014-06-26|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Device for switching a direct current in a pole of a direct current network|

---

WO2014117813A1|2013-01-29|2014-08-07|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Apparatus for switching direct currents in branches of a dc voltage grid node|

---

CN103971965B|2013-01-31|2015-12-23|南京南瑞继保电气有限公司|A kind of device and control method thereof making line current disjunction|

---

CN103972875B|2013-01-31|2016-07-06|南京南瑞继保电气有限公司|Limit line current or make device and the control method thereof of electric current disjunction|

---

CN103972855B|2013-01-31|2016-12-28|南京南瑞继保电气有限公司|A kind of device making circuit bidirectional current disjunction and control method thereof|

---

EP2768102B1|2013-02-13|2016-02-10|General Electric Technology GmbH|Circuit interruption device|

---

RU2624254C2|2013-02-22|2017-07-03|Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт|Method for switching operating current|

---

CN103178486B|2013-02-27|2016-12-28|国网智能电网研究院|A kind of dc circuit breaker and cutoff method thereof|

---

CN103280763B|2013-02-27|2016-12-28|国网智能电网研究院|A kind of dc circuit breaker and its implementation|

---

TW201438366A|2013-03-26|2014-10-01|Li shu qi|Highly reliable static switching switch circuit for uninterruptable power system|

---

KR101429957B1|2013-05-20|2014-08-14|숭실대학교산학협력단|Current limiting device|

---

CN104184108B|2013-05-21|2018-08-10|通用电气公司|Dc circuit breaker and its control method|

---

EP3026688B1|2013-07-24|2021-01-20|Mitsubishi Electric Corporation|Semiconductor switch circuit|

---

US8971002B1|2013-08-22|2015-03-03|Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc.|System and method of providing isolated power to gate driving circuits in solid state fault current limiters|

---

CN103441468B|2013-08-23|2016-03-02|南京南瑞继保电气有限公司|A kind of direct current break-up device and control method|

---

WO2015028634A1|2013-08-30|2015-03-05|Eaton IndustriesB.V.|Circuit breaker with hybrid switch|

---

KR101521545B1|2013-10-07|2015-05-19|한국전기연구원|Device and method to interrupt high voltage direct current|

---

GB2519791B|2013-10-30|2016-10-05|Alstom Technology Ltd|Breaker circuit|

---

CN103647248B|2013-11-14|2017-06-13|许继集团有限公司|A kind of high-voltage DC rapid breaker|

---

WO2015078525A1|2013-11-29|2015-06-04|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Device and method for switching a direct current|

---

DE102013224621A1|2013-11-29|2015-06-03|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Switching device and switch-off method for operating a switching device|

---

CN103618298B|2013-12-04|2017-03-08|中国科学院电工研究所|A kind of high voltage DC breaker|

---

CN103681039B|2013-12-04|2015-12-09|中国科学院电工研究所|A kind of high-voltage direct-current breaker topology|

---

WO2015087558A1|2013-12-11|2015-06-18|三菱電機株式会社|Dc breaker device|

---

KR102118887B1|2013-12-12|2020-06-04|주식회사 실리콘웍스|Device for measuring ron|

---

CN103746336B|2013-12-16|2016-08-17|陈小龙|A kind of Superfast leakage switch and control method thereof|

---

WO2015090464A1|2013-12-20|2015-06-25|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Apparatus and method for switching a direct current|

---

KR101522412B1|2013-12-26|2015-05-26|주식회사 효성|Bi-directional DC interruption device|

---

CN104767171B|2014-01-06|2018-01-19|国家电网公司|A kind of high voltage DC breaker and its implementation|

---

ES2654098T3|2014-01-21|2018-02-12|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Device for connecting a direct current|

---

CN203722202U|2014-02-18|2014-07-16|通用电气（中国）研究开发中心有限公司|Circuit breaker|

---

US9543751B2|2014-03-27|2017-01-10|Illinois Institute Of Technology|Self-powered DC solid state circuit breakers|

---

WO2016000774A1|2014-07-03|2016-01-07|Abb Technology Ltd|Inrush current limitation during system energizing|

---

US9343897B2|2014-07-07|2016-05-17|General Electric Company|Circuit breaker system and method|

---

EP2978005B1|2014-07-25|2017-05-17|General Electric Technology GmbH|Current cut-off device on a transmission line|

---

CN104242265B|2014-08-29|2018-02-13|梦网荣信科技集团股份有限公司|A kind of all solid state dc circuit breaker of DC distribution net|

---

US10910817B2|2014-09-26|2021-02-02|Mitsubishi Electric Corporation|DC circuit breaker|

---

KR101658539B1|2014-10-10|2016-09-22|엘에스산전 주식회사|Direct Current Circuit Breaker and Method Using The Same|

---

CN104702256A|2014-12-29|2015-06-10|国家电网公司|IGBTdriving method of high-voltage DC circuit breaker|

---

CN104638619B|2014-12-29|2018-11-27|国家电网公司|A kind of control method cascading full-bridge direct current breaker control system|

---

CN105807118A|2014-12-30|2016-07-27|国家电网公司|Virtual current testing device and testing method thereof for high-voltage DC circuit breaker|

---

KR102167948B1|2014-12-31|2020-10-20|엘에스일렉트릭|Dc circuit breaker and method for breaking of dc circuit breaker|

---

CN104617573A|2015-01-20|2015-05-13|清华大学|Natural converting type hybrid high-voltage DC circuit breaker|

---

US10122163B2|2015-01-30|2018-11-06|Abb Schweiz Ag|Scalable switchyard for interconnecting direct current power networks|

---

CN105990827B|2015-01-30|2018-12-21|南京南瑞继保电气有限公司|A kind of high voltage direct current open circuit topological circuit and implementation method|

---

JP6392154B2|2015-03-27|2018-09-19|株式会社東芝|DC current interrupting device and control method thereof|

---

US9742185B2|2015-04-28|2017-08-22|General Electric Company|DC circuit breaker and method of use|

---

CN104979796B|2015-06-10|2018-05-04|许继集团有限公司|A kind of precharge type high speed d-c circuit breaker and its control method|

---

KR101600015B1|2015-06-29|2016-03-04|주식회사 이피에스|DC Power Distribution Circuit Breakers Using Semiconductor Switch And Relay|

---

CN105071675B|2015-07-23|2018-03-09|浙江大学|A kind of mixed type power switch and its application in flexible direct-current transmission converter|

---

WO2017020269A1|2015-08-05|2017-02-09|Abb Schweiz Ag|Bidirectional power valve and control method therefor and hybrid multi-terminal hvdc system using the same|

---

GB2541465A|2015-08-21|2017-02-22|General Electric Technology Gmbh|Electrical assembly|

---

KR101794945B1|2015-08-24|2017-12-01|주식회사 효성|DC Circuit Breaker|

---

NL2015357B1|2015-08-27|2017-03-20|Univ Delft Tech|DC switch yard and method to operate such a DC switch yard.|

---

US10374412B2|2015-10-12|2019-08-06|Abb Schweiz Ag|Method and arrangement for facilitating clearing of a pole fault and isolation of a faulted pole in a power transmission system|

---

EP3157034B1|2015-10-13|2018-03-21|General Electric Technology GmbH|Mechatronic circuit-breaker device|

---

CN105262068A|2015-10-14|2016-01-20|南京南瑞继保电气有限公司|High-voltage DC breaker and control method thereof|

---

FR3042656B1|2015-10-16|2017-12-01|Inst Supergrid|INTERCONNECTION EQUIPMENT FOR HIGH VOLTAGE NETWORK CONTINUES|

---

KR20170046300A|2015-10-21|2017-05-02|한국전기연구원|High speed switch using supercritical fluid and current interrupt appratus using it and current interrupt method|

---

CN106646206B|2015-10-29|2019-11-08|全球能源互联网研究院|The dc circuit breaker compounding testing circuit and method of the compound injection of high-voltage large current|

---

CN105305371B|2015-11-14|2018-05-25|华中科技大学|A kind of high voltage DC breaker with mutual reactor|

---

CN105429099A|2016-01-04|2016-03-23|许继集团有限公司|High-voltage DC quick circuit breaker and power sub-module thereof|

---

EP3206286A1|2016-02-10|2017-08-16|GE Energy Power Conversion Technology Ltd|Gatespannungsübersteuerung für das schalten von stossströmen in igbt schaltern|

---

DE102016202661A1|2016-02-22|2017-08-24|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Device for switching a direct current in a pole of a direct voltage network|

---

DE102016203256A1|2016-02-29|2017-08-31|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|DC voltage switch|

---

WO2017157440A1|2016-03-17|2017-09-21|Abb Schweiz Ag|Current limiting device as well as a high voltage direct current arrangement and high voltage power system comprising such a current limiting device|

---

KR20170114440A|2016-04-04|2017-10-16|엘에스산전 주식회사|Current circuit breaker|

---

EP3442811A4|2016-04-13|2019-11-27|Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.|Devices including two current monitors|

---

CN105790236B|2016-04-19|2018-03-13|南京南瑞继保电气有限公司|A kind of DC current cutoff device and its control method|

---

FR3053540B1|2016-06-30|2021-02-12|Mersen France Sb Sas|SEMICONDUCTOR CUTTING DEVICE|

---

CN106253243B|2016-08-09|2018-09-28|南京南瑞继保电气有限公司|A kind of shutting-brake control method of high voltage DC breaker|

---

DE102016121835A1|2016-11-15|2018-05-17|Eaton IndustriesGmbh|Low-voltage protection device|

---

KR101943883B1|2016-12-30|2019-01-30|효성중공업 주식회사|Switching control method for isolated bidirectional DC-DC converter|

---

CN106936121B|2017-03-28|2021-12-10|四川大学|Direct-current line fault isolation and reclosing strategy mainly based on direct-current circuit breaker|

---

WO2018229970A1|2017-06-16|2018-12-20|東芝エネルギーシステムズ株式会社|Direct-current circuit breaker, mechanical switching device for direct-current circuit breaker and semiconductor switching device for direct current circuit breaker|

---

WO2019035180A1|2017-08-15|2019-02-21|株式会社東芝|Direct current interruption device|

---

DE102017122218A1|2017-09-26|2019-03-28|Eaton IndustriesGmbh|Low-voltage protection device|

---

FR3072826B1|2017-10-20|2019-11-08|Supergrid Institute|ELECTRIC CUTTING APPARATUS, METHOD AND INSTALLATION USING SUCH APPARATUS|

---

CN108462486B|2018-01-12|2021-09-07|许继电气股份有限公司|High-voltage direct-current circuit breaker|

---

DE102018101312A1|2018-01-22|2019-07-25|Eaton Intelligent Power Limited|Electrical protection circuitry|

---

DE102018101311A1|2018-01-22|2019-07-25|Eaton Intelligent Power Limited|Electrical protection switching arrangement|

---

KR102001941B1|2018-02-05|2019-07-19|효성중공업 주식회사|Connecting structure of switching module|

---

KR102185036B1|2018-04-30|2020-12-01|엘에스일렉트릭|Circuit breaker control module|

---

GB201809140D0|2018-06-04|2018-07-18|Univ Court Of The Univ Of Aberdeen|Apparatus suitable for interrupting a direct current|

---

US11121542B2|2018-10-29|2021-09-14|Rolls-Royce North American Technologies, Inc.|Protection coordination technique for power converters|

---

DE102019203982B4|2019-03-22|2020-12-31|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Switching device for a DC voltage circuit|

---

CN110299700A|2019-06-12|2019-10-01|哈尔滨理工大学|A kind of electro-mechanical mixed dc circuit breaker and its control method|

---

US11070045B1|2020-06-15|2021-07-20|Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute Company Limited|Electrical protective device for low-voltage direct currentnetwork|

---

US11104457B1|2020-12-09|2021-08-31|Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc.|Power distribution device|

---

ES2861157A1|2021-03-15|2021-10-05|Univ Madrid Politecnica|PROTECTION SYSTEM FOR DIRECT CURRENT NETWORKS |

法律状态:
2018-11-13| B06T| Formal requirements before examination [chapter 6.20 patent gazette]|

---

2019-03-12| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|

---

2019-08-06| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

---

2019-10-08| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 16/11/2009, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. (CO) 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 16/11/2009, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS |

---

2021-10-26| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: ABB SCHWEIZ AG (CH) |

优先权:

---

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

---

PCT/EP2009/065233|WO2011057675A1|2009-11-16|2009-11-16|Device and method to break the current of a power transmission or distribution line and current limiting arrangement|

---